I think it is interesting to note that the amoeba metaphor was also used to illustrate the nature of the imaginary limit-image in-itself (i.e. the virtual domain, the excessive sphere of language) by psychoanalyst Jacques Lacan (see: Lacan, J. 2005. Position of the Unconscious. In: Écrits: The First Complete Edition in English. Translated by Bruce Fink. New York: Norton. p. 846-8.). When thinking the "limit-image" in-itself think for example the radical multiplicity of views that humans posit in relationship to the whole of reality but which have no physical substantiation (i.e. sub-atomic string worlds, multiverse worlds, post-human utopian worlds, heavens and other supernatural worlds etc.). These "limit-images" don't "physically exist" but they nonetheless structure the motion of human subjectivity (and in radically different worldview domains). In some of my recent Ph.D preparations I have found this video useful to illustrate the potential large scale meta relation between the imaginary nature of language in its relation to biology (i.e. the nature of humans as "linguistic bodies") where the "amoeba" can be visualized as language, the paramecium can be viewed as "pre-historical primates" and the interaction between the amoeba and the paramecium over time can be viewed as the stages of "pre-history" (amoeba surrounding unaware paramecium), "history" (paramecium struggling in vain to escape the totalitarian control of the amoeba) and the "end of history/event horizon" (the death of the paramecium and the triumph of the amoeba). In this mode of representation the imaginary domain in-itself can be conceptualized as a type of infinitely divisible immortal surface that pre-disposes humanity from ever being satisfied with the contemporary state of the world (i.e. no matter where you go in history you will find people positing or striving for some utopian image of perfection). This is extra interesting in the context of the contemporary scientific mode of technological singularity theory. The question from my perspective is how should we interpret this utopian positing of actualized future immortality? Should we think that the contemporary positing of humans utilizing a scientific view of the world as legitimately going to actualize some form of human immortality? In this mode we could think of some continuously transforming identity structure that was capable of achieving ever greater degrees of cognitive control over its surrounding medium of interaction (which is certainly what many humans desire spontaneously). Or should we think that there is a general imaginary force colonizing the whole of humanity that is expressing in-itself the force of immortality in different cultural forms? It is certainly the case that the idea of immortality has been around for as long as we have written accounts of human thought and the archetypes of immortality likely stretch back to pre-historical times. In other words, could it be that the force of immortality is an inhuman virtuality that is "always-already" a part of the linguistic/symbolic order structuring an insane "super-human" motivation in some type of meta-historical dialectic? If we are to seriously entertain the latter hypothesis then how should we approach scientists who are working in the genetics, nanotechnology, and robotics revolutions and their potential consequences? How should we think about their symbolic interventions in the world? On the one hand clearly their worldview structures have far greater actual effectiveness then any previous worldview structures, even and especially when factoring in idealistic positing (where typically religious ideal positing is totally impotent). However, there is still usually a profound gap between the ideal positing of scientists and the actual manifestation (the consequences) of the positing. In that light how should we entertain the possibility that the ideal positing of scientists related to radically longer life expectancy (genetic engineering of our stem cells, nanotechnological replacement of biology, etc.) could lead to consequences that are dramatic... but dramatic in a totally unexpected way? In other words could it be that the idea that we will eventually be immortal will not actually lead to the actualization of human immortality, but rather some other type of event horizon or radical discontinuity where we confront directly the limits of human existence?
As a complete dilettante in biology, I think this is a badass claim to make. I'm rooting for you guys. You're using science for direct, tangible benefit of humanity. Hoping to see the next post about the mechanism of the stuff you do soon! Best wishes to your work. P.S. Can you tell me using Forever Labs as an example what's the difference in responsibilities between the CEO and the President of the company? I wonder just how different it is from the sharing of responsibilities between you and those of a less medically-inclined company.Dr. Katakowski's hypothesis that bone marrow cell degradation directly contributes to aging and age-related disease is the founding principle of Forever Labs, Inc.
It's always safe to have a hypothesis. :) But seriously, the idea isn't that crazy. We've long known that bone marrow stem cells lose their therapeutic potential with age. Years ago b_b and I proposed to the NIA and NINDS to simply try young-to-old bone marrow stem cell transplantation in mice to see if it conferred health benefits. Hilariously, one of the reviewers said that our proposal didn't "use enough technology". A couple of groups have done similar experiments since, and have seen increased lifespan. We will be soon running our own study at Forever Labs. There's been a lot of studies about the 'young blood effect' recently, whereby young mouse blood seems to be beneficial to older mice. Blood cells are born in the marrow, and the marrow largely contributes to the profile of non-cell soluble factors in the blood. We think that younger marrow might result in a young blood effect. I get nearly the same authority, but with much less responsibility. :) Steve and I might not be a traditional example. He has a strong business background, and my expertise is science. We basically run the company together, but each take the lead where our expertise applies.P.S. Can you tell me using Forever Labs as an example what's the difference in responsibilities between the CEO and the President of the company?