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IMO we do not know the cause of religion. The theory I find the most compelling is Religion is tribal law at the constitutional level. The things that a society holds sacred and beyond discussion rights, privileges, when to plant and harvest, maintenance of symbols that define a people, marriage, life thresholds and hopefully ethical behavior etc. The Myths and Rituals are secondary to and largely serve as mnemonics for practice. your a) and c) (and most of b) I think are a product of western soul searching , affluent angst and other modernisms.
(not on your part but on those that proposed them.) They are just too low on the list of needs of non industrial people to explain the origin of something as universal and ancient as religion.